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People

· Important figures and stories that shaped Taiwan's development 239 articles Updated 2026-07-30

In 1987, when tsmc-morris-chang established Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) in Hsinchu Science Park, every semiconductor company in the world designed and manufactured their own chips. No one believed a company that only did contract manufacturing could survive. Thirty-eight years later, TSMC's market value exceeds 90% of global enterprises, and the world's most advanced chips are all produced in Taiwan.

Read full curation guide → 📖 ~11 min

Music & Performance 22

Tech & Business 15

Sports 15

Literature 12

Art & Design 12

Politics & Democracy 11

Music 11

Digital & Media 9

Political Figures 8

Historical Figures 8

Film & Theater 8

Science & Academia 7

Sports 6

Popular Figures 6

Music and Performance 4

Pop Culture 4

Digital & Media 3

Film & Theater 3

Politics & Democracy 3

Education & Society 3

Arts and Creativity 2

Education & Society 2

Education and Society 2

Historical Figures 2

Music 2

Politics and Democracy 2

Science & Academia 2

Literature & Poets 2

Musicians 2

Food & Artisans 2

Others 49

👥 Curatorial Reading

The same year, Taiwan lifted martial law that had lasted for thirty-eight years.

These two seemingly unrelated events share the same backdrop: an island long under compression that, once given space, grows things at an unexpected speed. Taiwan's human stories are this repeated dialectic of compression and release.


🎬 Film & Theater

When the first Taiwan New Cinema film premiered at Cannes, some audience members left because those fixed long shots were so different from the editing rhythms they were accustomed to. But those who stayed saw another possibility: cinema could be this slow, this still, this honest.

hou-hsiao-hsien and yang-dechang redefined the narrative syntax of Chinese-language cinema in the 1980s. Hou's "A City of Sadness" broke martial law-era historical taboos, becoming the first Taiwan film to win the Venice Golden Lion. Yang's "A Brighter Summer Day" dissected the spiritual state of Taiwan's urban middle class during the transition period with four hours of epic scope. ang-lee progressed from his father-son trilogy to Hollywood, with two Academy Awards for Best Director proving that Chinese directors could handle universal emotions. tsai-ming-liang's extreme art films hold a unique position in European art cinema circles, using static long shots to confront urban loneliness.

wei-te-sheng-taiwanese-epic-filmmaker's "Cape No. 7" helped Taiwan cinema regain audience confidence. 齊柏林 used aerial documentary "Beyond Beauty: Taiwan from Above" to awaken environmental consciousness, continuing to shoot for this island until his final moments.

ang-lee | hou-hsiao-hsien | yang-dechang | tsai-ming-liang | wei-te-sheng-taiwanese-epic-filmmaker | 齊柏林 | niu-cheng-ze-controversial-filmmaker-monga-director | chen-yu-hsun-taiwan-comedy-film-magician | brigitte-lin-legendary-actress | gwei-lun-mei-versatile-taiwanese-actress | sylvia-chang


📚 Literature

Taiwan literature was never purely an aesthetic matter. When pai-hsien-yung-literary-master wrote "Taipei People," the displacement of the mainlander community in his stories corresponded to the rupture of entire modern Chinese history. When huang-chun-ming-taiwanese-literary-master wrote about Yilan countryside, the survival resilience of those small characters reflected Taiwan society's dramatic changes.

zhong-lihe-nativeland-eternal-seeker transitioned from Japanese to Chinese writing, remaining poor and ill throughout his life but never stopping his pen, called "the plowman who fell in a pool of blood." chen-yingzhen was imprisoned for seven years on political charges, later focusing on the underclass from a leftist perspective. li-ang's "The Butcher's Wife" shocked the literary world with female body politics. Chu T'ien-wen progressed from "A Small Town Called Hibiscus" to "Notes of a Desolate Man," her prose precise as clockwork mechanisms, while also serving as screenwriter partner for Hou Hsiao-hsien films, creating a unique landscape where literature and cinema converge.

wu-ming-yi's "The Stolen Bicycle" was longlisted for the Man Booker International Prize, exploring the relationship between humans and nature through ecological writing, translated into over twenty languages. lung-ying-tai's "Wild Fire" ignited social criticism in 1985. These voices prove that good literature is never disconnected from reality.

pai-hsien-yung-literary-master | wu-ming-yi | lung-ying-tai | ximurong | Chu T'ien-wen | li-ang | huang-chun-ming-taiwanese-literary-master | zhong-lihe-nativeland-eternal-seeker | chen-yingzhen | huang-zhen-nan-book-collector-historian


🎵 Music

In the 1930s, deng-yu-xian-taiwanese-song-composer's compositions "Longing for Spring Breeze" and "Rainy Night Flower" remain the deepest melodies in Taiwan's collective memory. These songs were given different meanings across different political eras; the fate of a song reflected the fate of an island.

teresa-teng's voice crossed the Cold War iron curtain. In an era when cross-strait exchanges had not yet begun, her cassettes flowed from Taiwan into mainland China. "Listen to old Deng during the day, young Deng at night" — her cultural penetration exceeded political propaganda. Lo Ta-yu and Jonathan Lee represent two extremes of Chinese creative music: Lo used "Lukang Town" and "Asian Orphan" to directly confront social contradictions; Jonathan Lee dissected middle-aged hearts with "Hill" and "Song for Myself."

In the 2000s, jay-chou redefined the sound of Chinese popular music, fusing R&B, hip-hop, and Chinese traditional elements. a-mei became a diva with her indigenous heritage and explosive vocals, later advocating for LGBTQ rights. mayday grew from underground band to Asia's largest Chinese rock group. wu-bai's Taiwanese rock injected raw vitality into local music.
deng-yu-xian-taiwanese-song-composer | teresa-teng | Lo Ta-yu | Jonathan Lee | jay-chou | a-mei | mayday | wu-bai | 蔡依林 | jj-lin-singaporean-mandopop-king | crowd-lu-indie-folk-treasure | jam-hsiao | bobby-chen-indie-music-pioneer


🎨 Arts & Design

lin-hwai-min founded Cloud Gate Dance Theatre in 1973, the first contemporary dance company in the Chinese-speaking world. Over forty-six years, Cloud Gate integrated tai chi, calligraphy, and Peking opera movements into contemporary dance, creating a unique Eastern dance vocabulary. Outdoor performances in Chihshang rice paddies transformed contemporary dance from elite art into public culture. Xu Fang-yi emerged from Cloud Gate to become a top dancer on New York's international stage, praised by The New York Times as "the embodiment of power and beauty."

stan-lai-theater-innovation-master's collective improvisation made "Secret Love in Peach Blossom Land" a Chinese theater classic, while "A Dream Like a Dream" challenges theatrical time limits with its eight-hour epic scope. Ju Tzong-ching transformed percussion from niche to mainstream, establishing teaching systems nationwide.

In visual design, Aaron Nieh defines 21st-century Taiwan design aesthetics with minimalist yet powerful visual language. xiao-qing-yang-grammy-designer received five Grammy nominations, helping the world recognize Taiwan culture through album covers. Fang Xu-zhong's design spans brand identity and curation. jimmy-liao's picture books cross the boundaries between children's and adult literature, translated into multiple languages.

In new media art, che-yu-wu creates digital life forms through algorithms, with works exhibited at Venice Biennale and Art Basel Miami, bringing over 20,000 students into the world of interactive art programming.

lin-hwai-min | jimmy-liao | Aaron Nieh | Fang Xu-zhong | che-yu-wu | Ju Tzong-ching | Xu Fang-yi | xiao-qing-yang-grammy-designer | Chen Jun-liang | stan-lai-theater-innovation-master | Lee Kuo-hsiu | Ming Hwa Yuan


🏛️ Politics & Democracy

Cheng Nan-jung self-immolated for 100% freedom of speech, making April 7 "Freedom of Speech Day." shih-ming-te led the Kaohsiung Incident and was imprisoned for twenty-five years; the trial became an amplifier for the democracy movement. lin-yi-hsiung-democracy-advocate-tragedy-survivor suffered family tragedy after the Kaohsiung Incident, later using hunger strikes to promote nuclear referendum, demonstrating the power of non-violent resistance.

李登輝 completed Taiwan's "Quiet Revolution" over twelve years: abolishing martial law provisions, opening direct presidential elections, pushing for comprehensive congressional reform. Promoting democratic transition from within the authoritarian system is extremely rare in global political history. tsai-ing-wen is the first elected female national leader in the Chinese-speaking world, facing multiple challenges of pandemic, cross-strait relations, and international situation during her tenure. chen-shui-bian-controversial-president and ma-ying-jeou-cross-strait-reconciliation-leader achieved two peaceful power transitions, establishing Taiwan's democratic system stability.

These people used different sacrifices to push democratic experiments, making this small island the only democratic beacon in the Chinese-speaking world.

tsai-ing-wen | 李登輝 | shih-ming-te | Cheng Nan-jung | chen-shui-bian-controversial-president | ma-ying-jeou-cross-strait-reconciliation-leader | lai-ching-te | annette-lu | chen-chien-jen | lin-yi-hsiung-democracy-advocate-tragedy-survivor | 高俊明


💼 Technology & Business

Taiwan's miracle wasn't built on natural resources, but on a group of people finding irreplaceable positions in global division of labor.

tsmc-morris-chang invented the "dedicated foundry" model — not designing chips, only manufacturing — redefining global semiconductor division of labor. Today TSMC manufactures 90% of the world's advanced chips; Apple, NVIDIA, and AMD's cutting-edge products all depend on TSMC. terry-gou's Hon Hai Precision grew from a mold factory to the world's largest electronics manufacturing service provider, with annual revenue exceeding 6 trillion Taiwan dollars. 施振榮 proposed the "smiling curve" theory, influencing the transformation thinking of Taiwan's entire manufacturing industry.

yung-ching-wang-formosa-plastics-founder built a petrochemical empire from a rice shop, embodying Taiwan's economic miracle. jensen-huang, born in Tainan, immigrated to America and founded NVIDIA, now the core driver of the global AI computing revolution. He repeatedly emphasizes the strategic cooperation between TSMC and NVIDIA, securing Taiwan's irreplaceable position in the AI industry chain.

ethan-tu founded PTT, influencing Taiwan's internet culture, later working at Microsoft AI Research before returning to Taiwan to establish Taiwan AI Labs. These people prove that small islands can find key positions in the global innovation landscape.

tsmc-morris-chang | terry-gou | jensen-huang | 施振榮 | lin-bai-li | Barry Lam | steve-chang | mark-liu | cc-wei | yung-ching-wang-formosa-plastics-founder | Shi Wen-long | Ye Guo-yi | jamie-lin-ai-industry-pioneer | ethan-tu


🏃 Sports

At the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, Taiwan's delegation achieved historic best results. kuo-hsing-chun-olympic-weightlifting-champion won weightlifting gold with three Olympic records, journeying from rural Taitung to the world's peak. lin-yang-duo-taiwan-badminton-champions (Wang Chi-lin and Lee Yang) badminton men's doubles final shot's "holy grail" pose became a collective national memory. li-chih-kai won pommel horse silver with his signature Thomas flair — transforming from the little boy in documentary "Jump! Boys" to Olympic medalist over twenty years, this arc itself is a film.

tai-tzu-ying maintained badminton world ranking number one for 214 weeks. chien-ming-wang-mlb-sinker-ace's sinker left New York Yankees hitters helpless; the "Wang fever" had all Taiwan waking up at midnight to watch MLB broadcasts. su-wei-hsieh-wimbledon-champion won multiple Grand Slam titles in tennis doubles. C.K. Yang's 1960 Rome Olympics decathlon silver won early international sports visibility for Taiwan.

Behind every medal is the physical practice of "what a small island can achieve." These athletes used speed, strength, and skill to answer questions about limits.

kuo-hsing-chun-olympic-weightlifting-champion | tai-tzu-ying | chien-ming-wang-mlb-sinker-ace | lin-yang-duo-taiwan-badminton-champions | yang-yung-wei-judo-olympic-silver | li-chih-kai | su-wei-hsieh-wimbledon-champion | chen-wei-yin-mlb-pitcher | hong-chih-kuo-taiwanese-left-handed-pitcher | C.K. Yang | chi-cheng-flying-antelope | kevin-lin-ultramarathon-desert-pioneer | lu-yen-hsun-tennis-champion | chuang-chih-yuan-table-tennis-legend | hsu-shu-ching-olympic-weightlifting-champion | yang-dai-kang-taiwanese-baseball-star-in-japan | cheng-chao-tsun-javelin-asian-king | yani-tseng | jeremy-lin


🔬 Science & Academia

Yuan T. Lee won the 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, the first Nobel laureate born in Taiwan. His crossed molecular beam technique in chemical reaction dynamics provided key tools for understanding reaction microscopic mechanisms. Wong Chi-huey invented "one-pot oligosaccharide synthesis" technology, considered the Taiwan scientist most likely to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Ta-You Wu is known as the "Father of Chinese Physics," training Nobel laureates Yang Chen-ning and Lee Tsung-dao, establishing Taiwan's physics research foundation. Paul C.W. Chu is a pioneer in high-temperature superconductor research. Tu Tsung-ming was Taiwan's first medical doctor, earning his doctorate from Kyoto Imperial University during Japanese rule, founding Kaohsiung Medical College. Xu Zhuo-yun writes about Chinese and world civilization from a historian's perspective, continuing to care about Taiwan and Chinese world destiny in his later years.

These scholars prove that investment in basic research will eventually bear fruit; academic reputation is a society's most precious soft power.

Yuan T. Lee | Wong Chi-huey | Ta-You Wu | Paul C.W. Chu | Tu Tsung-ming | Xu Zhuo-yun | Huang Guo-zhen


🎓 Education & Society

audrey-tang is the world's first transgender minister, symbolizing Taiwan's digital governance. Digital democracy platforms like vTaiwan and JOIN allow citizens to directly participate in policy discussions; pandemic tools like mask maps and contact registration demonstrated the possibilities of technology-governance integration.

Yen Chang-shou invests in remote area education, promoting educational experiments in Taitung, arguing that Taiwan education should cultivate complete personalities capable of thinking and creativity, not test-taking machines. Yeh Bing-cheng developed the PaGamO gamified learning platform, winning global teaching innovation awards. lu-guan-wei-junyiacademy-founder founded Junyi Academy, this "Taiwan Khan Academy" aims to give every child learning resources suited to their pace.

chen-shu-chu-vegetable-vendor-philanthropist donated over ten million Taiwan dollars from fifty years of vegetable selling income, selected by TIME magazine as one of the world's 100 most influential people in 2010. When reporters asked why she donated so much money, she simply said: "Money is useful only when given to those who need it."

audrey-tang | Yen Chang-shou | Yeh Bing-cheng | chen-shu-chu-vegetable-vendor-philanthropist | lu-guan-wei-junyiacademy-founder | Huang Guo-zhen


💻 Digital & Media

ethan-tu founded PTT — Taiwan's largest online forum, still an important venue for public opinion. He later worked at Microsoft AI Research, returning to Taiwan to establish Taiwan AI Labs, promoting open-source AI technology. PTT and g0v communities represent Taiwan's civic technology culture, unique digital democracy assets of this island.

Ray became a representative author of Taiwan workplace novels with "The Bright Times of Post-Rookie." Rex How leads Cite Media Group, an important force in Taiwan's publishing industry. These creators and media figures record society and influence the public through new media formats, creating new areas of Taiwan's digital culture.

ethan-tu | Ray | Rex How | yang-you-ren-shoes-for-hope-taiwan-youth-hero | Chu Ge-liang


🍳 Cuisine & Craftsmanship

andre-chiang-taiwanese-culinary-innovator trained in French Michelin three-star restaurants, then opened Restaurant André in Singapore, selected among Asia's 50 Best Restaurants. In 2018 he returned his Michelin stars and came back to Taiwan to open RAW restaurant, redefining "Taiwan flavors" with local ingredients. His choice — abandoning international prestige to return to Taiwan — is itself a cultural statement: the best ingredients and deepest inspiration are on this island.

Jimmy Wu won the 2010 World Bread Championship with lychee rose bread, amazing the international baking world. From rural Pingtung to world champion, his story is a typical case of Taiwan craftsmanship spirit. After returning to Taiwan, he opened bakeries while continuing to participate in baking education, advancing Taiwan's baking industry technical standards.

andre-chiang-taiwanese-culinary-innovator | Jimmy Wu


These stories of people are not a list of "Taiwan's pride."

Among them, some bled and were imprisoned, some lived in poverty, some chose to abandon everything at their peak, some never stopped writing even in their lowest valleys. Their commonality is not "bringing glory to Taiwan" — that phrase is too light — but that they each, in different ways, answered the same question: On this small island surrounded by great powers, what can one person achieve?

The answers are written in their works, in court judgments, on medals, in donation receipts, and in those studios where lights still burn deep into the night.


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Director Ang Lee
Image source: Wikimedia Commons | CC BY 2.0 | Photographer: Gage Skidmore